Star Rating for Designs (SR4D) is a process and evidence-based programme of applications informed by the iRAP Methodology which enable the objective measure, and improvement, of the level of road safety ‘built in’ to a road design for vehicle occupants, motorcyclists, pedestrians and cyclists, before the commencement of civil works.
SR4D enables road engineers and designers, municipalities and road authorities, funding agencies and governments to make roads safer.
Ensuring the safety of a road design before it clears the design phase directly equates to lives and serious injuries saved on the street. Despite knowledge and free tools to improve design safety, unsafe 1- and 2-star roads are still being built.
SR4D strengthens the road safety audit process, complementing it with an objective and repeatable qualification of road user risk (without the need for a high level of experience), and supports the wider potential of Star Ratings as a safety performance metric and maximised safety in road infrastructure investment.
SR4D will be essential to supporting countries to achieve the United Nations Global Road Safety Performance Targets, especially Target 3 to ensure all new roads are built to a 3-star or better standard for all road users.
Innovative enhancements to iRAP’s Star Rating for Designs (SR4D) web app, allowing the safety of road designs to measured before the commencement of civil works, have been unveiled at the IRF World Congress in Istanbul (October 2024).
The safety of nearly 58,000 kilometres of road designs in 63 countries have already been assessed and improved with the use of SR4D, and the latest enhancements make usability even better for road designers worldwide.
The new enhancement further improve the integrity of road safety assessments in meeting the 3-star or better global standard and UN Target 3 for new roads by:
Download the SR4D Enhancements flyer here
Using the tool, road engineers and designers can define a road’s geometry and code its features to obtain a globally recognised iRAP safety Star Rating, along with fatal and serious injury estimations, and safety investment plans to optimise safety.
Watch the SR4D short video below and share with your network of road designers
(available in English, Portuguese, Spanish and French)
English
Spanish
Portuguese
French
A Star Rating for Designs Road Designers Consultation Group was established in May 2022 to provide a road designer’s perspective on the development of the SR4D program and tools. See the Group’s Terms of Reference here. Advice and feedback may span all aspects of SR4D, for example:
– The road design process and how software is used
– The effectiveness of SR4D tools and development needs
– Training and accreditation
– Communications.
The Group comprises 18 experts with extensive experience in road design and SR4D, drawn from the private sector, public sector and NGOs, from each region of the world. Their guidance will help inform the development of the Star Rating for Designs tool and global advocacy and action to achieve iRAP’s vision for every road design to have a Star Rating.
Group members, all of whom have generously volunteered their time and effort, include:
Name | Organisation | Country |
---|---|---|
Ahmed Ksentini | Faculty of Sciences of Sfax (Faculté des sciences de Sfax) | Tunisia |
Chris Furneaux | Arup | United Kingdom |
Gustavo Arbiza | Intendencia de Montevideo | Uruguay |
Ilse Malagamba | Safe System Solutions Pty Ltd | Australia |
Julian Kwong | Chaussees Limited | China |
Kefalo Getahun | Addis Ababa City Administration Road Traffic Management Agency | Ethiopia |
Matthew Chamberlain | Matt Chamberlain Associates Ltd | United Kingdom |
Marko Sevrovic | European Institute of Road Assessment | Croatia |
Milly Lumumba | World Bank Group | Kenya |
Patricia Garces del Castillo | Universidad de Cartagena | Colombia |
Regnald Massawe | Tanzania National Roads Agency | Tanzania, United Republic of |
Reg Ting | City Transport Development and Management Office of Pasig | Philippines |
Srinivasa Jampana | Louis Berger International - WSP | India |
Stelios Efstathiadis | Transportation Solutions | Greece |
Syed Yaseen Afshad | PROGER SPA | Saudi Arabia |
Vincent Nguyen | Mott MacDonald | Australia |
Star Rating for Designs has been made possible through the financial support of the Global Road Safety Facility.
For more information on Star Rating for Designs, please contact Greg Smith, Global Programme Director on email greg.smith@irap.org.
The International Road Assessment Programme (iRAP) is a Registered Charity with UN ECOSOC Consultative Status.
iRAP is registered in England and Wales under company number 05476000
Charity number 1140357
Registered office: 60 Trafalgar Square, London, WC2N 5DS
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Using specially equipped vehicles, software and trained personnel, iRAP Inspections involve detailed road surveys and data collection. These focus on more than 50 different road attributes that are known to influence the likelihood of a crash and its severity.
These attributes include intersection design, the number of lanes and markings, roadside hazards, footpaths and bicycle facilities. The road inspection data underpins iRAP Star Ratings and Safer Road Investment Plans.
The risk reduction design improvements proposed in a Safer Road Investment Plan can be adjusted by local experts to improve the Star Ratings for different user groups. iRAP recommends that all new roads should be built to a 3-star or better rating and all existing roads upgraded to that level.
The 3-star or better minimum can be achieved through a combination of infrastructure improvements and speed management initiatives to ensure a minimum level of safety for all road users at the location. On high volume roads, 4 and 5-star targets are often justified for specific road user groups (e.g. 5-star for pedestrians in CBD areas; 4-star or better motorways for vehicle occupants).
Designers managed to boost significantly the length of road rated 3-stars or better during the building of the US$323 million World Bank-financed Second Gujarat State Highway. They used a range of safety countermeasures including traffic calming, pedestrian footpaths and crossings and street lighting to ensure that the characteristic ‘green tunnels’ of old roadside trees could be retained while mitigating their safety risk.
Do you manage, design, build or maintain roads?
iRAP is an international leader in providing policy, investment and performance tracking tools for road executives, managers, engineers, designers and construction teams to build and maintain safer roads. We work worldwide with road management professionals to deliver safer roads for today and for the future.
Roads that build-in safety. Roads that deliver safer journeys for all users. Safer roads that save money! A win-win-win for all.
Safer roads are becoming the new policy norm for investors and development agencies worldwide. This creates exciting opportunities for roads professionals and the road safety community to work together to save lives.
Building all new roads to a 3-star or better standard for all road users saves lives and makes great business sense. Upgrading existing roads to maximise travel on 3-star or better roads is also practical, cost-effective and starts saving lives right away. iRAP provides the business case for investment and the tools to maximise lives saved.
Let’s work together to create a safer, better world!
We need a strong policy framework and ambitious global targets if we are to deliver safer roads that save people’s lives.
iRAP and its partners are working with international bodies, national governments and highways agencies to build a global policy consensus for safer roads.
In 2015, the United Nations included halving road deaths and serious injuries as a Sustainable Development Goal (3.6). This game-changing move put road deaths centre stage – where they belong – as a global development issue, alongside poverty reduction targets and the right to clean water.
Now, the challenge is to build on this momentum. The UN Secretary General has recommended all new roads should be built to a 3-star or better standard and existing roads upgraded. The establishment of a Safer Roads Fund to maximise travel on 3-star or better roads can provide international finance institutions, health organisations, treasury officials, road executives and road builders with the social and economic basis for safer, sustainable roads.
Let’s work together to create a world free of high-risk roads and save lives!
Road deaths and serious injuries are an international public health crisis. Every year, around 1.2 million people are killed on the world’s roads and around 30-50,000,000 people are injured.
Road crashes are the leading cause of death for young people aged between 15-29 years. Road crashes cost an estimated 2-5% of GDP in each and every country worldwide. Like other global health problems the Vaccines for Roads exist and it is just a question of the scale of our response.
iRAP is working to support the scaling up of action worldwide and reduce this tragic toll by enabling low-cost infrastructure solutions that make our roads safer.
Safer roads also make sound business sense. Dollar for dollar, safer roads provide one of the highest possible, job-creating public investments a country can make in health and infrastructure policy.
We want safer roads for all road users: pedestrians, bicyclists, motorcyclists and vehicle occupants.
Safe roads are a social justice, health and economic issue. In poorer communities, in particular, road traffic crashes can have catastrophic effects that tip families into poverty and destitution.
The road improvement programmes we enable make your roads safer. Because every road environment – and the community it serves – is unique, each life-saving plan we develop is unique too!
iRAP is at the cutting edge of bespoke solutions for safer mobility worldwide, regardless of how you move from A to B. Our work is making roads safer for you and your families, your community and your company.
The Star Rating of a Road Design can be completed as a stand-alone activity. The process is being used by road agencies, development banks and design consultants to objecitvely specify and measure the safety of a road design for all road users.
The process offers an opportunity for road owners to set a performance based star rating target for all road users (e.g. the new road must be minimum 4-star standard for pedestrians and cyclists and minimum 3-star standard for motorcyclists and vehicle occupants). It has been successfully used in conjunction with existing mechanisms such as Road Safety Audits and compliance with road design standards.
The impact on risk of various design iterations can also be explored to help harness the potential of designers to find creative solutions to challenging safety problems.
Here is a visual representation of some of the key road infrastructure features that are assessed during a typical roads inspection. The inspection identifies levels of risk for all road users. By adding key infrastructure elements such as footpaths and street lighting or improving existing elements to reduce risk we can make roads safer for all road users.
Trained staff code the road attributes in 100 metre intervals and upload data into ViDA in an Excel.csv format under supervision from a suitably qualified iRAP partner or supplier. To ensure high standards of accuracy, the team undertaking the coding is required to give a weekly report which shows the level of accuracy for each road attribute.
Where a road agency already has data available (e.g. asset management register) this information can simplify the coding exercise and ensure good integration with existing systems.
The raw data is processed in ViDA to create data reports about a road’s design and the level of risk for each road user group. ViDA is capable of performing risk and economic calculations for millions of kilometres of road.
All data is securely stored and project teams can determine who has access to results.
Processed road inspection data is used to develop Star Rating maps. The five-colour maps provide a simple and objective measure of the level of safety which is built-in to the road. Five-star roads are the safest while one-star roads are the least safe.
The internationally recognised colour coding system ensures a better understanding and awareness of why some roads are safer than others.
A Safer Road Investment Plan is produced that makes the business case for investing in road infrastructure safety. The plans list a range of life-saving measures that could be used to improve a road’s Star Rating and reduce fatalities and serious injuries.
The International Road Federation has developed a series of Road Safety Seminars (Safer Roads by Design™) to provide road authorities with best practices and latest technologies that can be implemented to meet a country’s commitment to the Decade of Action.
Safer Roads by Design™ is an all-inclusive approach to road safety and includes seminars on the fundamentals of Road Safety, Roadside Safety, Work Zone Safety, Intersection/Roundabout Safety and Vulnerable User Safer.
The University of Birmingham (UK) iRAP course in Road Safety introduces people to the iRAP technology for evaluating the safety impact of road infrastructure.
By the end of the course, the participants are expected to have acquired an understanding of the following key items:
The course includes practical exercises, discussions and exposure to the iRAP software. The course is delivered in the state-of-the-art teaching and learning facilities of the University of Birmingham.
RAPcapacity online courses help people learn how to undertake iRAP-specification road assessments.
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