{"id":64897,"date":"2023-05-18T19:00:52","date_gmt":"2023-05-18T18:00:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/irap.org\/?p=64897"},"modified":"2023-07-29T19:09:55","modified_gmt":"2023-07-29T18:09:55","slug":"oecd-development-matters-beyond-fatalities-the-hidden-health-burden-of-unsafe-roads","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/irap.org\/pt\/2023\/05\/oecd-development-matters-beyond-fatalities-the-hidden-health-burden-of-unsafe-roads\/","title":{"rendered":"Assuntos de desenvolvimento da OCDE: al\u00e9m das fatalidades, o fardo oculto das estradas inseguras para a sa\u00fade"},"content":{"rendered":"

Artigo reproduzido de OCDE Development Matters, 17 de maio de 2023<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

Por Nneka Henry, Chefe do Fundo de Seguran\u00e7a Rodovi\u00e1ria da ONU e Rob McInerney, Diretor Executivo do Programa Internacional de Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o Rodovi\u00e1ria (iRAP)<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Muito depois de o mundo se recuperar da pandemia de COVID-19, outra crise de sa\u00fade exigir\u00e1 aten\u00e7\u00e3o urgente: a crise global de seguran\u00e7a no tr\u00e2nsito. Embora o n\u00famero de mortes resultantes de acidentes de tr\u00e2nsito chegue a alarmantes 1,3 milh\u00e3o a cada ano, isso apenas arranha a superf\u00edcie do problema.<\/p>\n

Pois o \u00f4nus para a sa\u00fade de estradas inseguras se estende muito al\u00e9m das mortes, com les\u00f5es que mudam a vida afetando at\u00e9 50 milh\u00f5es de pessoas a cada ano. Esta semana marca o 7\u00aa Semana Global de Seguran\u00e7a Rodovi\u00e1ria da ONU<\/a>, e \u00e9 claro que governos e cidad\u00e3os precisam tomar novas medidas para tornar a mobilidade mais segura e sustent\u00e1vel.<\/p>\n

\u00c9 mais do que vidas perdidas na estrada<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Para cada fatalidade na estrada, h\u00e1 muito mais, principalmente jovens no auge de suas vidas, que sofrem ferimentos n\u00e3o fatais. De acordo com Explorador de insights de seguran\u00e7a iRAP<\/a>, mais de 4 milh\u00f5es de pessoas sofrem les\u00f5es cerebrais; cerca de 400.000 ficam paralisados ou sofrem les\u00f5es na coluna; e mais de 9.000 ficam cegos a cada ano. Essas les\u00f5es que alteram a vida podem significar a diferen\u00e7a entre ter um emprego e perd\u00ea-lo, passear ou ficar confinado \u00e0 cama por toda a vida e at\u00e9 mesmo ser capaz de ter filhos.<\/p>\n

O custo de n\u00e3o investir em seguran\u00e7a<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Al\u00e9m dos danos f\u00edsicos e psicol\u00f3gicos, os acidentes rodovi\u00e1rios tamb\u00e9m t\u00eam consequ\u00eancias graves para os j\u00e1 sobrecarregados sistemas de sa\u00fade e para as muitas fam\u00edlias que muitas vezes dividem o fardo de cuidar dos feridos. O custo do tratamento de acidentes de tr\u00e2nsito e da presta\u00e7\u00e3o de cuidados e reabilita\u00e7\u00e3o cont\u00ednuos pode ser exorbitante. Este \u00e9 particularmente o caso em pa\u00edses de baixa e m\u00e9dia renda (LMICs), onde muitos sistemas de sa\u00fade s\u00e3o subfinanciados e mal equipados para lidar com tais emerg\u00eancias.<\/p>\n

Por fim, os acidentes de tr\u00e2nsito exacerbam as desigualdades, j\u00e1 que os usu\u00e1rios mais vulner\u00e1veis das vias, como pedestres, ciclistas e motociclistas, costumam ser os mais afetados por estradas inseguras. Nos pa\u00edses de baixa e m\u00e9dia renda, onde as defici\u00eancias de infraestrutura vi\u00e1ria s\u00e3o maiores, o \u00f4nus dos acidentes rodovi\u00e1rios recai desproporcionalmente sobre as comunidades pobres e marginalizadas. Por exemplo, em LMICs, 83% de viagens para pedestres est\u00e1 em infraestrutura insegura de 1 a 2 estrelas<\/strong> (onde 5 estrelas \u00e9 classificado como o mais seguro). Da mesma forma, 85% de viagens para ciclistas e 71% de viagens para pessoas em motocicletas est\u00e3o em vigor estradas de 1 ou 2 estrelas de alto risco<\/strong>. Por outro lado, em pa\u00edses de alta renda, 64% de viagens para pedestres est\u00e1 em Infraestrutura de 1 ou 2 estrelas<\/strong> e 63% de viagens para ciclistas e 86% de viagens para motociclistas em estradas de 1 ou 2 estrelas.<\/p>\n

\u00c9 claro que as consequ\u00eancias para a sa\u00fade desta 'pandemia sobre rodas' v\u00e3o muito al\u00e9m das fatalidades e exigem a\u00e7\u00e3o e financiamento urgentes. Os efeitos cascata causados por acidentes de tr\u00e2nsito poderiam ser substancialmente evitados com uma quantia modesta de financiamento sustentado e catal\u00edtico que oferece altos retornos.<\/p>\n

Pequenas quantias mobilizam grandes resultados<\/strong><\/h3>\n

O conceito de pequenos financiamentos alcan\u00e7ando grandes resultados n\u00e3o \u00e9 novo na agenda de mobilidade. O Fundo de Seguran\u00e7a Rodovi\u00e1ria da ONU<\/a><\/strong>, que lan\u00e7ou seu primeiro conjunto de projetos nos meses anteriores \u00e0 pandemia de COVID-19, mostrou como quantias relativamente pequenas de financiamento para pa\u00edses de baixa e m\u00e9dia renda podem trazer mudan\u00e7as significativas na seguran\u00e7a no tr\u00e2nsito. De padr\u00f5es de capacetes para ve\u00edculos e motocicletas e carteira de habilita\u00e7\u00e3o a servi\u00e7os m\u00e9dicos de emerg\u00eancia e infraestrutura segura para prote\u00e7\u00e3o de pedestres e ciclistas, o portf\u00f3lio dos parceiros de implementa\u00e7\u00e3o credenciados do Fundo, que inclui o iRAP, est\u00e1 ajudando a mudar aspectos cr\u00edticos dos sistemas de seguran\u00e7a no tr\u00e2nsito em cerca de 50 pa\u00edses .<\/p>\n

Esse financiamento do Fundo de Seguran\u00e7a Rodovi\u00e1ria da ONU e parceiros pode acelerar as mudan\u00e7as institucionais necess\u00e1rias para o investimento de doadores internacionais e ag\u00eancias nacionais para melhorar a seguran\u00e7a vi\u00e1ria, de acordo com as metas globais. Ao mesmo tempo, cria o caso de neg\u00f3cios para aumentar o investimento que salva vidas e reduz les\u00f5es.<\/p>\n

Metas globais salvam vidas e custos<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Em reconhecimento a esse impacto baseado em evid\u00eancias, os Estados Membros da ONU concordaram em 12 metas globais de desempenho de seguran\u00e7a no tr\u00e2nsito<\/strong><\/a> que incluem o aumento da seguran\u00e7a da infraestrutura rodovi\u00e1ria. Garantir que pelo menos 75% de viagens existentes para todos os usu\u00e1rios da estrada atinjam o padr\u00e3o global de 3 estrelas ou melhor at\u00e9 2030 salvar mais de 95 milh\u00f5es de mortes e ferimentos graves<\/a><\/strong> ao longo dos 20 anos de vida dos tratamentos apenas em LMICs.<\/p>\n

Alcan\u00e7ar a meta da ONU para mais de 75% de viagens<\/a><\/strong> estar em estradas de 3 estrelas ou melhores para todos os usu\u00e1rios at\u00e9 2030 reduzir\u00e1 mortes e ferimentos graves ao longo dos 20 anos de vida das estradas<\/strong><\/a>. Nos pr\u00f3ximos meses, o Enviado Especial do Secret\u00e1rio-Geral da ONU para a Seguran\u00e7a Rodovi\u00e1ria, Jean Todt, se reunir\u00e1 com l\u00edderes de todo o mundo, inclusive em Bangladesh e no Paraguai, que t\u00eam algumas das taxas mais altas de mortes e les\u00f5es no tr\u00e2nsito do mundo. As discuss\u00f5es se concentrar\u00e3o em como diminuir o fardo crescente que eles imp\u00f5em \u00e0s suas economias e os benef\u00edcios de planos de a\u00e7\u00e3o de seguran\u00e7a vi\u00e1ria de longo prazo e investimentos sustent\u00e1veis.<\/p>\n

Somos todos usu\u00e1rios da estrada e, juntos, podemos enfrentar a crise global de seguran\u00e7a no tr\u00e2nsito. O primeiro passo \u00e9 expor o \u00f4nus oculto de estradas inseguras para a sa\u00fade; a segunda \u00e9 trabalharmos juntos para tornar nossas estradas seguras para uso de todos. Ao priorizar e defender a seguran\u00e7a no tr\u00e2nsito e tomar medidas para prevenir les\u00f5es e mortes, podemos criar um futuro mais seguro e saud\u00e1vel para n\u00f3s mesmos e para as gera\u00e7\u00f5es vindouras.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Article reproduced from OECD Development Matters, 17 May 2023 By Nneka Henry, Head of the UN Road Safety Fund and Rob McInerney, Chief Executive Officer for the international Road Assessment […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":64899,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_price":"","_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_header":"","_tribe_default_ticket_provider":"","_ticket_start_date":"","_ticket_end_date":"","_tribe_ticket_show_description":"","_tribe_ticket_show_not_going":false,"_tribe_ticket_use_global_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_global_stock_level":"","_global_stock_mode":"","_global_stock_cap":"","_tribe_rsvp_for_event":"","_tribe_ticket_going_count":"","_tribe_ticket_not_going_count":"","_tribe_tickets_list":"[]","_tribe_ticket_has_attendee_info_fields":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[1175,1174,1059],"class_list":["post-64897","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-general","tag-insights-explorer","tag-oecd-matters","tag-unrsf"],"yoast_head":"\nOECD Development Matters: Beyond Fatalities, the Hidden Health Burden of Unsafe Roads - 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