{"id":5107,"date":"2024-11-05T00:28:03","date_gmt":"2024-11-04T13:28:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wordpress.temp.irap-dev.org\/irap-for-environmental-impact-assessment-and-the-rickmans-green-village-case-study\/"},"modified":"2024-11-05T00:28:03","modified_gmt":"2024-11-04T13:28:03","slug":"irap-for-environmental-impact-assessment-and-the-rickmans-green-village-case-study","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/irap.org\/pt\/irap-for-environmental-impact-assessment-and-the-rickmans-green-village-case-study\/","title":{"rendered":"iRAP para Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o de Impacto Ambiental e o Estudo de Caso da Vila Verde de Rickman"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>O Instituto de Gest\u00e3o e Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o Ambiental (IEMA) do Reino Unido oferece orienta\u00e7\u00f5es para a avalia\u00e7\u00e3o do impacto ambiental do tr\u00e1fego e da movimenta\u00e7\u00e3o h\u00e1 mais de 30 anos, e uma atualiza\u00e7\u00e3o das diretrizes de 2023 recomenda o uso da classifica\u00e7\u00e3o por estrelas iRAP ou similar para a aplica\u00e7\u00e3o do Sistema Seguro.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Novas diretrizes promovem a avalia\u00e7\u00e3o proativa da seguran\u00e7a rodovi\u00e1ria.<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Lan\u00e7ado inicialmente em 1993 e atualizado em 2023, o <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iema.net\/media\/5mrmquib\/iema-report-environmental-assessment-of-traffic-and-movement-rev07-july-2023.pdf\">Diretrizes da IEMA para a Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o Ambiental do Tr\u00e1fego e da Mobilidade<\/a>\u00a0Oferece aos profissionais orienta\u00e7\u00f5es sobre as melhores pr\u00e1ticas para realizar a avalia\u00e7\u00e3o obrigat\u00f3ria e n\u00e3o obrigat\u00f3ria dos impactos no tr\u00e1fego e na circula\u00e7\u00e3o de pessoas em diversos projetos de desenvolvimento, com base nas li\u00e7\u00f5es aprendidas ao longo de 30 anos.<\/p>\n<p>Al\u00e9m de orienta\u00e7\u00f5es sobre tr\u00e2nsito e mobilidade, s\u00e3o fornecidas diretrizes especializadas sobre indicadores relacionados, incluindo qualidade do ar, ru\u00eddo, vibra\u00e7\u00e3o, sa\u00fade, paisagem, biodiversidade, patrim\u00f4nio cultural, clima e gases de efeito estufa, bem como seguran\u00e7a vi\u00e1ria.<\/p>\n<p>A diretriz de 1993 defendia o c\u00e1lculo das taxas de acidentes rodovi\u00e1rios como uma aproxima\u00e7\u00e3o do potencial de impactos na seguran\u00e7a rodovi\u00e1ria, colis\u00f5es e altera\u00e7\u00f5es nos fluxos e na composi\u00e7\u00e3o do tr\u00e1fego.<\/p>\n<p>As limita\u00e7\u00f5es dessa abordagem tradicional \u00e0 seguran\u00e7a vi\u00e1ria no processo de planejamento incluem, por exemplo, a possibilidade de uma avalia\u00e7\u00e3o constatar a aus\u00eancia de colis\u00f5es registradas em um per\u00edodo de cinco anos na frente do terreno onde ser\u00e1 realizado o empreendimento. Se um n\u00famero baixo de acidentes for registrado na \u00e1rea de estudo, muitas vezes conclui-se que n\u00e3o h\u00e1 problemas significativos de seguran\u00e7a vi\u00e1ria que possam ser agravados pelo novo empreendimento. No entanto, colis\u00f5es hist\u00f3ricas, por si s\u00f3, n\u00e3o s\u00e3o bons indicadores de colis\u00f5es futuras, que podem ser, em certa medida, aleat\u00f3rias por natureza. Isso se agrava quando se considera que, ao introduzir um novo empreendimento, pode haver um aumento no volume de tr\u00e1fego e, consequentemente, no n\u00famero de pedestres e ciclistas.<\/p>\n<p>A atualiza\u00e7\u00e3o das Diretrizes de 2023 agora recomenda a avalia\u00e7\u00e3o proativa da seguran\u00e7a rodovi\u00e1ria para atender \u00e0s exig\u00eancias do Sistema Seguro, por exemplo, utilizando a Metodologia de Classifica\u00e7\u00e3o por Estrelas iRAP.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/irap.org\/pt\/rap-tools\/infrastructure-ratings\/star-ratings\/\">Classifica\u00e7\u00e3o por estrelas<\/a> As classifica\u00e7\u00f5es por estrelas s\u00e3o uma medida objetiva do n\u00edvel de seguran\u00e7a inerente \u00e0 via para ocupantes de ve\u00edculos, motociclistas, ciclistas e pedestres. Vias com 1 estrela apresentam o maior risco, enquanto vias com 5 estrelas apresentam o menor risco. A classifica\u00e7\u00e3o por estrelas pode ser feita sem levar em considera\u00e7\u00e3o dados detalhados de acidentes.<\/p>\n<p>As diretrizes recomendam a modelagem da seguran\u00e7a vi\u00e1ria baseada em evid\u00eancias. Isso permite o estabelecimento de uma medida de refer\u00eancia da seguran\u00e7a vi\u00e1ria (antes do desenvolvimento), incluindo cen\u00e1rios de desenvolvimento propostos, e um cen\u00e1rio onde medidas de mitiga\u00e7\u00e3o da seguran\u00e7a vi\u00e1ria estejam presentes.<\/p>\n<p>As avalia\u00e7\u00f5es de impacto final tamb\u00e9m podem apresentar a redu\u00e7\u00e3o anual estimada em Les\u00f5es Fatais e Graves (LFG) que poderia ser alcan\u00e7ada por meio do desenvolvimento proposto.<\/p>\n<p>As diretrizes do IEMA devem ser utilizadas por profissionais de AIA que trabalham em projetos na Inglaterra, Pa\u00eds de Gales, Esc\u00f3cia e Irlanda do Norte, e tamb\u00e9m ser\u00e3o \u00fateis para muitos profissionais internacionais, particularmente aqueles que aplicam a diretiva de AIA.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"et-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iema.net\/resources\/blogs\/2023\/07\/12\/iema-guidance-ea-of-traffic-and-movement\/\">Baixe o Guia da IEMA<\/a><\/p>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3><strong>Classifica\u00e7\u00e3o por estrelas iRAP influenciando positivamente o planejamento de desenvolvimento: um estudo de caso<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>No Reino Unido, qualquer novo projeto de constru\u00e7\u00e3o ou infraestrutura deve passar por um rigoroso processo de planejamento. Isso envolve a apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o de pedidos de licenciamento e o cumprimento das normas de Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o de Impacto Ambiental (AIA). Os principais documentos nesse processo incluem o <em>Declara\u00e7\u00e3o de Transporte<\/em> ou <em>Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o de Transporte<\/em> e o <em>Transporte e Movimenta\u00e7\u00e3o <\/em>cap\u00edtulo do relat\u00f3rio de EIA. O principal objetivo desses documentos \u00e9 mitigar os impactos no transporte, garantindo que novos empreendimentos n\u00e3o afetem negativamente a rede de transporte existente.<\/p>\n<p>Alinhado com o de 2023 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iema.net\/media\/5mrmquib\/iema-report-environmental-assessment-of-traffic-and-movement-rev07-july-2023.pdf\">Diretrizes da IEMA<\/a>, Com base na abordagem de Sistema Seguro, a metodologia iRAP foi incorporada na Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o de Impacto Ambiental do Rickman&#039;s Green Village para garantir que as vias associadas ao novo empreendimento sejam seguras para todos os usu\u00e1rios desde o in\u00edcio.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Estudo de Caso da Vila Verde de Rickman<\/strong><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/irap.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Rickmans-Green-Village-credit-HLM-Architects.png\" alt=\"Rickman&#039;s Green Village credit HLM Architects\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Cr\u00e9dito da imagem: HLM Architects<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Em 2022, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.royalhaskoningdhv.com\/\">Royal HaskoningDHV<\/a> A Artemis Land and Agriculture Limited (\u201cArtemis\u201d) foi contratada para prestar consultoria em rodovias e transportes para o projeto Rickman&#039;s Green Village, localizado no distrito de Chichester, West Sussex. Rickman&#039;s Green Village \u00e9 um projeto de desenvolvimento proposto que visa expandir uma fazenda para incluir escrit\u00f3rios, lojas, uma escola prim\u00e1ria e 600 casas em uma \u00e1rea rural. O cliente buscava um empreendimento altamente sustent\u00e1vel e estava aberto a abordagens inovadoras.<\/p>\n<p>Com o objetivo de realizar uma avalia\u00e7\u00e3o mais proativa e abrangente dos riscos \u00e0 seguran\u00e7a rodovi\u00e1ria, a Royal HaskoningDHV aplicou a Metodologia de Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o de Seguran\u00e7a Rodovi\u00e1ria iRAP, em vez de se basear exclusivamente em dados hist\u00f3ricos de colis\u00f5es. A classifica\u00e7\u00e3o por estrelas foi utilizada para prever os impactos na seguran\u00e7a rodovi\u00e1ria (em termos de n\u00famero de acidentes fatais e graves) decorrentes de altera\u00e7\u00f5es no uso do solo, nas estradas e do aumento dos n\u00edveis de tr\u00e1fego.<\/p>\n<p>O processo de planejamento para Rickman&#039;s Green Village adotou a estrat\u00e9gia &quot;Decidir e Providenciar&quot; para estimar os n\u00edveis de tr\u00e1fego e avaliar o impacto operacional em cada cruzamento com 30 novas viagens. Essa abordagem considerou a seguran\u00e7a vi\u00e1ria utilizando os princ\u00edpios do Sistema Seguro e uma metodologia baseada em evid\u00eancias.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Metodologia do estudo<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A \u00e1rea central de estudo para seguran\u00e7a rodovi\u00e1ria foi definida e cruzamentos fora do local foram identificados onde poderiam surgir problemas de capacidade. Uma an\u00e1lise retrospectiva de acidentes foi realizada para identificar tend\u00eancias e determinar como o empreendimento poderia abord\u00e1-las proporcionalmente.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<br \/>\n<strong>Classifica\u00e7\u00e3o b\u00e1sica por estrelas<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Uma avalia\u00e7\u00e3o inicial foi realizada utilizando a metodologia de classifica\u00e7\u00e3o por estrelas iRAP. Esta metodologia envolveu uma avalia\u00e7\u00e3o quantitativa da seguran\u00e7a rodovi\u00e1ria para diferentes tipos de usu\u00e1rios da via \u2013 ocupantes de ve\u00edculos, motociclistas, pedestres e ciclistas \u2013 em v\u00e1rios trechos e cruzamentos. A avalia\u00e7\u00e3o inicial indicou n\u00edveis de seguran\u00e7a inseguros, classificados como 1 e 2 estrelas, para todos os usu\u00e1rios da via.<br \/>\n<strong>Previs\u00e3o de classifica\u00e7\u00e3o por estrelas (com base nas melhorias propostas)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Com base na avalia\u00e7\u00e3o inicial, as melhorias propostas foram definidas e testadas. O impacto dessas melhorias foi ent\u00e3o avaliado com o empreendimento j\u00e1 em funcionamento, considerando medidas de mitiga\u00e7\u00e3o para aumentar a seguran\u00e7a vi\u00e1ria. A previs\u00e3o da classifica\u00e7\u00e3o por estrelas, com base nas melhorias propostas, mostrou que os n\u00edveis de seguran\u00e7a de 4 e 5 estrelas poderiam ser alcan\u00e7ados para todos os usu\u00e1rios da via.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/irap.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Core-study-area-credit-RHDHV.png\" alt=\"Core study area credit RHDHV\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/irap.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Core-study-SR-baseline-credit-RHDHV.png\" alt=\"Core study SR baseline credit RHDHV\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/irap.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Forecast-study-SR-baseline-credit-RHDHV.png\" alt=\"Forecast study SR baseline credit RHDHV\" \/><em>Cr\u00e9dito das imagens: Royal HaskoningDHV\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Previs\u00e3o da \u00c1rea de Estudo Principal, Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o de Transportes e a Abordagem do EIA<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Foram feitas previs\u00f5es para a \u00e1rea central de estudo, considerando os dados de refer\u00eancia e as mudan\u00e7as esperadas devido ao desenvolvimento. Isso incluiu o c\u00e1lculo da signific\u00e2ncia das mudan\u00e7as no risco de seguran\u00e7a vi\u00e1ria, a avalia\u00e7\u00e3o da sensibilidade e magnitude dos impactos na seguran\u00e7a vi\u00e1ria e a identifica\u00e7\u00e3o de melhorias espec\u00edficas.<\/p>\n<p>A avalia\u00e7\u00e3o de impacto no transporte envolveu a identifica\u00e7\u00e3o de uma \u00e1rea de estudo com base nos impactos previs\u00edveis sobre o uso da via para pedestres, ciclistas, transporte p\u00fablico e cavaleiros. Locais mais distantes foram considerados para melhorias necess\u00e1rias nas rodovias como medida de mitiga\u00e7\u00e3o. A abordagem de EIA (Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o de Impacto Ambiental) utilizou dados hist\u00f3ricos de acidentes para estabelecer uma linha de base e avaliou os efeitos do aumento do tr\u00e1fego decorrente do desenvolvimento sobre todos os usu\u00e1rios da via.<\/p>\n<p>A avalia\u00e7\u00e3o final de impacto calculou as altera\u00e7\u00f5es nos n\u00edveis de seguran\u00e7a rodovi\u00e1ria, estimando a redu\u00e7\u00e3o anual de fatalidades e les\u00f5es graves (FSI), obtida por meio de altera\u00e7\u00f5es proporcionais nas FSI e nos perigos \u00e0 beira da estrada.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Conclus\u00e3o<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A integra\u00e7\u00e3o do iRAP no processo de planejamento de Rickman&#039;s Green Village demonstrou uma metodologia robusta para aprimorar a seguran\u00e7a vi\u00e1ria em novos empreendimentos. A abordagem destacou a necessidade de avalia\u00e7\u00f5es objetivas e baseadas em evid\u00eancias, bem como a import\u00e2ncia de considerar a seguran\u00e7a vi\u00e1ria desde o in\u00edcio do processo de planejamento. Este estudo de caso ressalta o potencial do iRAP e de metodologias similares para impulsionar mudan\u00e7as incrementais positivas na seguran\u00e7a vi\u00e1ria dentro da estrutura de planejamento de desenvolvimento no Reino Unido e em outros pa\u00edses.<\/p>\n<p>As ferramentas do iRAP apoiam avalia\u00e7\u00f5es de seguran\u00e7a para todos os usu\u00e1rios das vias, incluindo pedestres e ciclistas, promovendo a mobilidade ativa, o transporte de baixo carbono e a resili\u00eancia clim\u00e1tica para as pessoas e o planeta. O iRAP apoia parceiros na implementa\u00e7\u00e3o do Plano Global para a D\u00e9cada de A\u00e7\u00e3o para a Seguran\u00e7a Vi\u00e1ria 2021-2030 e impulsiona a Agenda 2030 para a Mobilidade Sustent\u00e1vel.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Apoio \u00e0s Avalia\u00e7\u00f5es do IEMA<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Para obter assist\u00eancia e informa\u00e7\u00f5es sobre a aplica\u00e7\u00e3o das diretrizes da IEMA, entre em contato com Suzy Charman, Diretora Executiva da Road Safety Foundation, por e-mail. <a href=\"mailto:suzy.charman@roadsafetyfoundation.org\">suzy.charman@roadsafetyfoundation.org<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The UK\u2019s Institute of Environmental Management and Assessment (IEMA) has offered guidance for the environmental impact assessment of traffic and movement for over 30 years, and a 2023 Guideline update recommends using iRAP Star Ratings or similar for Safe System application. New guidance promotes proactive road safety assessment First released in 1993 and updated in [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":5108,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,700,114],"tags":[637,383,973,974,639,108,975],"class_list":["post-5107","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-global-news","category-europe-region","category-star-rating-for-designs","tag-climate","tag-design","tag-environmental-impact-assessment","tag-iema","tag-sustainability","tag-sustainable-transport","tag-urban-planning"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.8 (Yoast SEO v28.2) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>iRAP for Environmental Impact Assessment and the Rickman\u2019s Green Village Case Study - iRAP<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/irap.org\/pt\/irap-for-environmental-impact-assessment-and-the-rickmans-green-village-case-study\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_BR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"iRAP for Environmental Impact Assessment and the Rickman\u2019s Green Village Case Study\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The UK\u2019s Institute of Environmental Management and Assessment (IEMA) has offered guidance for the environmental impact assessment of traffic and movement for over 30 years, and a 2023 Guideline update recommends using iRAP Star Ratings or similar for Safe System application. 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