{"id":3837,"date":"2023-04-11T01:50:42","date_gmt":"2023-04-10T15:50:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wordpress.temp.irap-dev.org\/jamaica-gleaner-reports-time-come-to-combat-impact-of-road-accidents-on-national-development-3-star-or-better-roads-a-priority\/"},"modified":"2026-04-30T12:40:16","modified_gmt":"2026-04-30T02:40:16","slug":"jamaica-gleaner-reports-time-come-to-combat-impact-of-road-accidents-on-national-development-3-star-or-better-roads-a-priority","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/irap.org\/fr\/jamaica-gleaner-reports-time-come-to-combat-impact-of-road-accidents-on-national-development-3-star-or-better-roads-a-priority\/","title":{"rendered":"Le Jamaica Gleaner rapporte : \u2018 Il est temps \u2019 de lutter contre l'impact des accidents de la route sur le d\u00e9veloppement national ; les routes class\u00e9es 3 \u00e9toiles ou mieux sont prioritaires"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Article reproduit du Jamaica Gleaner, 2 avril 2023<\/em><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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 <\/p>\n

La r\u00e9duction du nombre de bless\u00e9s et de morts sur les routes est d\u00e9sormais un enjeu majeur en Jama\u00efque.<\/p>\n

Comment \u00e9viter que ce qui s'est pass\u00e9 r\u00e9cemment \u00e0 Temple Hall, St Andrew, ne se reproduise ? C'est une pr\u00e9occupation majeure pour de nombreuses familles qui ont souffert de chagrin et de douleur \u00e0 cause de ce qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 qualifi\u00e9 de fl\u00e9au international.<\/p>\n

C\u2019est pourquoi, au niveau des Nations Unies, la campagne pour la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 routi\u00e8re a r\u00e9ussi \u00e0 faire int\u00e9grer la pr\u00e9vention des traumatismes li\u00e9s aux accidents de la route \u00e0 deux des 17 Objectifs de d\u00e9veloppement durable des Nations Unies\u00a0: Bonne sant\u00e9 et bien-\u00eatre (3:6) et Villes et communaut\u00e9s durables (11:2). Plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment, concernant les traumatismes li\u00e9s aux accidents de la route\u00a0: d\u2019ici \u00e0 2030, r\u00e9duire de moiti\u00e9 le nombre de d\u00e9c\u00e8s et de bless\u00e9s dans le monde dus aux accidents de la route (3:6)\u00a0; d\u2019ici \u00e0 2030, garantir \u00e0 tous l\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 des syst\u00e8mes de transport s\u00fbrs, abordables, accessibles et durables\u2026 (11:2).<\/p>\n

Et parmi les arguments convaincants qui ont motiv\u00e9 cette d\u00e9cision figurent le co\u00fbt exorbitant pour le secteur de la sant\u00e9, l'augmentation de la pauvret\u00e9 lorsque le soutien de famille est bless\u00e9 ou d\u00e9c\u00e8de, et la chute du produit int\u00e9rieur brut (PIB) d'un pays de deux \u00e0 cinq pour cent.<\/p>\n

Dans le\u00a0\u2018 \u00c9tude sur le co\u00fbt des soins : le fardeau des blessures li\u00e9es \u00e0 la violence et aux accidents de la route \u2019<\/b>\u00a0(qui doit \u00eatre mise \u00e0 jour), r\u00e9alis\u00e9e en Jama\u00efque en 2014, dans sept h\u00f4pitaux, le co\u00fbt direct et indirect pour le pays a \u00e9t\u00e9 estim\u00e9 \u00e0 $3,2 milliards de dollars, le co\u00fbt direct des accidents de la route repr\u00e9sentant huit pour cent du budget hospitalier.<\/p>\n

Il est important de noter qu'en 2013, ann\u00e9e de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 l'\u00e9poque, 307 personnes sont d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9es. L'ann\u00e9e derni\u00e8re, ce chiffre s'\u00e9levait \u00e0 488, et les projections de nos analystes experts tablent sur 470 d\u00e9c\u00e8s pour 2023, ce qui en fait une ann\u00e9e encore tr\u00e8s meurtri\u00e8re.<\/p>\n

Il est clair que le budget allou\u00e9 aux soins hospitaliers a augment\u00e9 depuis, mais de 60 %, j'en doute fort. Et avec 99 d\u00e9c\u00e8s sur les routes en 2023, malgr\u00e9 un d\u00e9but prometteur, contre 123 (de janvier \u00e0 mars) en 2022, nous nous dirigeons, sauf \u00e9v\u00e9nement exceptionnel, tout droit vers une nouvelle ann\u00e9e catastrophique, marqu\u00e9e par le deuil et la souffrance, une perte consid\u00e9rable de main-d'\u0153uvre, un impact d\u00e9vastateur sur le budget de la sant\u00e9 et le PIB, et un retard durable dans le d\u00e9veloppement de notre pays.<\/p>\n

L'APPROCHE DES SYST\u00c8MES S\u00dbRS<\/span><\/h2>\n

D\u00e8s lors, une question se pose\u00a0: quelle mesure strat\u00e9gique peut-on mettre en place pour enrayer, voire ralentir, les effets de ce v\u00e9ritable raz-de-mar\u00e9e d\u2019accidents de la route, tant physiques que mortels\u00a0? Il n\u2019existe qu\u2019une seule directive politique \u00e9prouv\u00e9e, et chaque pays doit \u00e9laborer la sienne.<\/p>\n

La directive politique est l'approche des syst\u00e8mes s\u00fbrs pour r\u00e9duire les traumatismes li\u00e9s aux accidents de la route, recommand\u00e9e par l'Organisation mondiale de la sant\u00e9 (OMS). Cette politique a \u00e9t\u00e9 approuv\u00e9e par le pr\u00e9sident du Conseil national de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 routi\u00e8re, Son Excellence Andrew Holiness, Premier ministre de la Jama\u00efque, qui a consacr\u00e9 son temps et son \u00e9nergie \u00e0 s'adresser \u00e0 la communaut\u00e9 internationale, avec autorit\u00e9, sur cette question cruciale, \u00e0 maintes reprises, lorsqu'il y \u00e9tait invit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Cette approche strat\u00e9gique et syst\u00e9mique de ce probl\u00e8me international d\u00e9sormais omnipr\u00e9sent est \u00e9tay\u00e9e par des recherches men\u00e9es par de nombreux pays qui l'ont utilis\u00e9e avec succ\u00e8s pour r\u00e9duire les blessures dues aux accidents de la route.<\/p>\n

Elle repose sur cinq piliers principaux \u2013 vitesse adapt\u00e9e, routes s\u00fbres, usagers de la route responsables, v\u00e9hicules s\u00fbrs et intervention efficace apr\u00e8s un accident \u2013 qui permettent d\u2019extraire les victimes rapidement et en toute s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et de les transporter vers un h\u00f4pital capable de traiter efficacement leurs blessures.<\/p>\n

La nouvelle loi sur la circulation routi\u00e8re, ainsi qu'un syst\u00e8me de contravention am\u00e9lior\u00e9, ont tous deux absorb\u00e9 une grande partie du temps et de l'\u00e9nergie de la Conseil national de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 routi\u00e8re (NRSC)<\/a>, qui ont milit\u00e9 pendant de nombreuses ann\u00e9es pour des am\u00e9liorations, et ce, sous diff\u00e9rentes administrations, font partie int\u00e9grante de l'\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me essentiel n\u00e9cessaire \u00e0 la production\u00a0Vitesses s\u00e9curitaires<\/b>\u00a0et\u00a0usagers de la route en toute s\u00e9curit\u00e9<\/b>.<\/p>\n

Il nous reste encore beaucoup \u00e0 faire, mais les \u00e9v\u00e9nements r\u00e9cents ont constitu\u00e9 une avanc\u00e9e significative pour tirer le meilleur parti possible de ces deux aspects de l'approche \u00ab\u00a0Syst\u00e8mes s\u00fbrs\u00a0\u00bb. Par exemple, l'utilisation d\u00e9sormais l\u00e9gale des cam\u00e9ras pour le contr\u00f4le \u00e9lectronique et l'envoi de contraventions, une fois mis en place \u00e0 bord plus tard cette ann\u00e9e comme promis, repr\u00e9senteraient un progr\u00e8s majeur \u00e0 cet \u00e9gard.<\/p>\n

Il en va de m\u00eame de la r\u00e9vision du programme d'alcootest afin de le rendre plus efficace et de permettre que l'exp\u00e9rience d'autres juridictions, o\u00f9 jusqu'\u00e0 30 % des conducteurs impliqu\u00e9s dans des accidents mortels conduisaient sous l'influence de l'alcool, puisse \u00eatre reproduite en Jama\u00efque et trait\u00e9e par une utilisation plus intensive de cet instrument.<\/p>\n

Il est crucial de lutter efficacement contre la distraction au volant caus\u00e9e par l'utilisation du t\u00e9l\u00e9phone portable sans kit mains libres et l'envoi de SMS au volant \u2013 un probl\u00e8me majeur \u00e0 travers le monde\u00a0! Cela vaut \u00e9galement pour l'obligation du port de la ceinture de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 \u00e0 l'avant et \u00e0 l'arri\u00e8re du v\u00e9hicule, ainsi que pour l'utilisation d'un syst\u00e8me de retenue pour enfant dans les voitures particuli\u00e8res.<\/p>\n

ROUTES DE QUALIT\u00c9 MINIMUM TROIS \u00c9TOILES<\/span><\/h2>\n

Vient ensuite la question tout aussi importante du lobbying pour que l'on se penche sur la question de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 routi\u00e8re. L'OMS a une exigence tr\u00e8s pr\u00e9cise\u00a0: les pays doivent viser \u00e0 construire un r\u00e9seau routier comprenant au minimum des routes de qualit\u00e9 trois \u00e9toiles, cinq \u00e9tant la meilleure note et une la plus basse, inacceptable en mati\u00e8re de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 routi\u00e8re.<\/p>\n

L'importance de cette recommandation, qui est le mandat du iRAP (International Road Assessment Programme) financ\u00e9 par FIA Foundation, est pleinement saisie dans cette citation de leur part : \u201c De mani\u00e8re g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, chaque \u00e9toile suppl\u00e9mentaire entra\u00eene une r\u00e9duction de moiti\u00e9 du co\u00fbt des accidents en termes de nombre de personnes tu\u00e9es et gri\u00e8vement bless\u00e9es. \u201d<\/p>\n

Le transport des biens, des services et des personnes contribue largement \u00e0 notre PIB, d'o\u00f9 la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 absolue d'int\u00e9grer la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 routi\u00e8re d\u00e8s la conception et la construction des routes.<\/p>\n

En effet, \u00e0 une certaine \u00e9poque (on ignore si c'est toujours le cas), la Banque mondiale exigeait que 10 % du co\u00fbt de construction des routes soient consacr\u00e9s \u00e0 leur s\u00e9curit\u00e9. Cela comprenait les pistes cyclables, les zones refuges pour pi\u00e9tons, un \u00e9clairage public ad\u00e9quat, le marquage au sol et les catadioptres, ainsi que la pr\u00e9sence de trottoirs \u2013 souvent absents en zone rurale.<\/p>\n

Ce sujet a r\u00e9cemment fait l'objet de discussions suite \u00e0 de nombreux accidents mortels sur l'autoroute Winston Jones \u00e0 Manchester et sur certains tron\u00e7ons des routes de la c\u00f4te nord \u2013 r\u00e9put\u00e9s glissants, surtout par temps de pluie \u2013 o\u00f9 se sont produits de nombreux accidents mortels. Dans ce contexte, l'annonce de ce projet de plusieurs milliards d'euros, \u00e9tal\u00e9 sur trois ans, visant \u00e0 financer la modernisation et la construction de nouvelles routes, est une excellente nouvelle.<\/p>\n

V\u00c9HICULES PLUS S\u00dbRS<\/span><\/h2>\n

La question de\u00a0<\/b>La s\u00e9curit\u00e9 des v\u00e9hicules est un sujet br\u00fblant dans de nombreux pays. En Jama\u00efque, nous devons \u00eatre particuli\u00e8rement attentifs aux progr\u00e8s consid\u00e9rables r\u00e9alis\u00e9s ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es dans la fabrication des v\u00e9hicules automobiles. Les v\u00e9hicules \u00e9lectriques, par exemple, davantage pour des raisons environnementales que de s\u00e9curit\u00e9, ont \u00e9galement entra\u00een\u00e9 des modifications dans la conception des capots, les rendant moins dangereux en cas de collision avec un pi\u00e9ton.<\/p>\n

Les am\u00e9liorations apport\u00e9es \u00e0 la structure des v\u00e9hicules en mati\u00e8re de protection contre les chocs lat\u00e9raux et les technologies de pointe, comme l'ESC (contr\u00f4le \u00e9lectronique de stabilit\u00e9) pour les voitures et les motos, contribuent \u00e0 stabiliser le v\u00e9hicule lors de man\u0153uvres d'\u00e9vitement brusques. Une am\u00e9lioration qui a sauv\u00e9 de nombreuses vies \u00e0 travers le monde, notamment celles des motocyclistes\u00a0!<\/p>\n

Les airbags sont d\u00e9sormais quasiment devenus un \u00e9quipement standard sur les voitures neuves, mais comme une part importante de nos importations est constitu\u00e9e de v\u00e9hicules d'occasion, et plus particuli\u00e8rement de v\u00e9hicules d'occasion destin\u00e9s aux transports publics, nous devons nous assurer que ces v\u00e9hicules respectent les normes de s\u00e9curit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

L\u00e0 encore, \u00e0 l'instar du programme Safe Roads, la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 est mesur\u00e9e par un syst\u00e8me d'\u00e9toiles bas\u00e9 sur des tests de collision dont les r\u00e9sultats devraient \u00eatre accessibles aux autorit\u00e9s locales. Ces r\u00e9sultats peuvent provenir de programmes r\u00e9gionaux d'\u00e9valuation des v\u00e9hicules neufs (NCAP) ou internationaux.<\/p>\n

UN SYST\u00c8ME EFFICACE APR\u00c8S UN ACCIDENT<\/span><\/h2>\n

Enfin, la question de la mise en place d'un syst\u00e8me efficace de gestion des accidents est une question que nous pouvons tous accepter compte tenu des sc\u00e8nes souvent chaotiques que nous voyons \u00e0 la t\u00e9l\u00e9vision lorsqu'un accident se produit.<\/p>\n

Quoi d'autre\u00a0? Il faut renforcer les capacit\u00e9s, allouer des fonds d\u00e9di\u00e9s, constituer un conseil d'administration et renforcer le personnel de l'\u201c\u00a0organisme chef de file\u00a0\u201d d\u00e9sign\u00e9 par l'ONU, \u00e0 savoir le Secr\u00e9tariat du Conseil national de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 routi\u00e8re \u2013 une organisation qui collabore \u00e9troitement avec tous les autres organismes, publics et priv\u00e9s, afin de promouvoir la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 routi\u00e8re en Jama\u00efque. Ces questions sont d\u00e9battues depuis des ann\u00e9es, sous diff\u00e9rentes administrations, mais n'ont toujours pas \u00e9t\u00e9 trait\u00e9es de mani\u00e8re ad\u00e9quate.<\/p>\n

Voil\u00e0 donc en partie la directive politique, et non dans son int\u00e9gralit\u00e9, car une analyse aussi approfondie d\u00e9passe le cadre de cet article.<\/p>\n

\u2018 L'HEURE EST VENUE \u2019<\/span><\/h2>\n

Le second enjeu est la mobilisation de toute la communaut\u00e9 pour \u00e9duquer les enfants et former des adultes qui conduisent avec une extr\u00eame prudence et respectent le code de la route de mani\u00e8re syst\u00e9matique, et non pas seulement par exc\u00e8s de z\u00e8le. C'est, outre le fait que nous n'avons pas les moyens d'avoir un policier \u00e0 chaque coin de rue ou d'installer une cam\u00e9ra pour surveiller l'ensemble du r\u00e9seau routier, le seul moyen de faire de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 routi\u00e8re un r\u00e9flexe et une culture.<\/p>\n

Ainsi, l'\u00c9glise, les influenceurs des m\u00e9dias sociaux \u2013 comme Julie Mango,\u00a0et al<\/i>, (L'heure des comptes a sonn\u00e9 pour ceux qui connaissent l'histoire) \u2013 les \u2018 gardiens \u2019 de notre culture, les dirigeants du secteur priv\u00e9, les enseignants et tous les professionnels, les m\u00e9dias, les jeunes, la police en uniforme et en civil, les musiciens (de Ding Dong \u00e0 Chronixx, de Spice \u00e0 Ifrica), ainsi que les politiciens, de tous bords, et tant d'autres groupes, doivent monter \u00e0 bord de ce \u201c train de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 routi\u00e8re \u201d, comme le qualifie le tr\u00e8s franc et loquace M. Hare de l'Autorit\u00e9 de la circulation de l'\u00eele.<\/p>\n

\u2018L'heure est venue d'agir durablement \u00e0 l'\u00e9chelle de l'\u00eele !<\/p>\n

\u2018Il est temps de lutter contre les effets n\u00e9fastes des accidents et des d\u00e9c\u00e8s li\u00e9s aux accidents de la route sur notre d\u00e9veloppement national.<\/p>\n

Le Dr Lucien W. Jones, MB.BS CD, est vice-pr\u00e9sident du Conseil national de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 routi\u00e8re (NRSC). Veuillez envoyer vos commentaires par courriel \u00e0\u00a0columns@gleanerjm.com<\/a>.
\n<\/i>\u2013\u00a0Cr\u00e9dit photo : JPro Visual de Pixabay<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Article reproduced from Jamaica Gleaner, 2 April 2023   Reducing road traffic injuries and deaths is now a big issue in Jamaica. 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