{"id":2759,"date":"2021-08-11T22:56:57","date_gmt":"2021-08-11T12:56:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wordpress.temp.irap-dev.org\/paranas-state-highways-in-brazil-to-be-3-star-or-better\/"},"modified":"2026-04-30T12:38:12","modified_gmt":"2026-04-30T02:38:12","slug":"paranas-state-highways-in-brazil-to-be-3-star-or-better","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/irap.org\/fr\/paranas-state-highways-in-brazil-to-be-3-star-or-better\/","title":{"rendered":"Les routes d'\u00c9tat du Paran\u00e1 au Br\u00e9sil seront class\u00e9es 3 \u00e9toiles ou mieux"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u00e9gende photo : Aire d'\u00e9vacuation BR-277, direction Curitiba-Litoral. (Guilherme Pupo\/Ecovia).<\/em>
\nReproduit avec une traduction anglaise de Gazeta Do Povo<\/a>. Histoire par Elvira Fantin.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Un nouveau concept est appliqu\u00e9 au Br\u00e9sil et dans le Paran\u00e1 pour am\u00e9liorer la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 routi\u00e8re et r\u00e9duire les accidents et les d\u00e9c\u00e8s : les \u201c routes tol\u00e9rantes \u201d. La proposition vise \u00e0 minimiser l'impact de l'erreur humaine par la construction d'aires d'\u00e9chappement, l'installation de glissi\u00e8res de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et de lignes vibrantes, entre autres interventions. En cas d'erreur du conducteur, celui-ci peut compter sur les ressources offertes par la route pour \u00e9viter l'accident ou, du moins, en minimiser les cons\u00e9quences.<\/p>\n

Cette pratique a vu le jour il y a environ 40 ans et est d\u00e9j\u00e0 courante dans les pays plus avanc\u00e9s, mais au Br\u00e9sil, ce concept n\u2019est apparu qu\u2019en 2018 \u2013 et la situation est loin d\u2019\u00eatre id\u00e9ale, selon une analyse de la Conf\u00e9d\u00e9ration nationale des transports (CNT). Une \u00e9tude men\u00e9e par cet organisme montre qu\u2019en 2020, les co\u00fbts li\u00e9s aux accidents sur les autoroutes f\u00e9d\u00e9rales du pays s\u2019\u00e9levaient \u00e0 10,2 milliards de r\u00e9aux (1,94 milliard de dollars), tandis que les investissements destin\u00e9s \u00e0 les \u00e9viter ne s\u2019\u00e9levaient qu\u2019\u00e0 6,7 milliards de r\u00e9aux (1,27 milliard de dollars).<\/p>\n

Dans dix ans, toutes les autoroutes conc\u00e9d\u00e9es par le PR seront \u00e0 3 \u00e9toiles ou plus<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cette image promet de changer. Au Paran\u00e1, des actions efficaces dans le concept d\u201c\u201d autoroutes qui pardonnent \u201c sont d\u00e9j\u00e0 dans les nouveaux contrats de concession, qui entreront en vigueur \u00e0 partir de 2022. \u2018 \u00c0 la fin de la premi\u00e8re ann\u00e9e de concession, toutes les routes devront \u00eatre class\u00e9es au moins comme \u2019 2 \u00e9toiles \u2018 et, d'ici dix ans, elles devront atteindre au moins \u2019 3 \u00e9toiles \u201d \u00bb, d\u00e9clare Marcello Costa, secr\u00e9taire national des transports terrestres au minist\u00e8re des Infrastructures.<\/p>\n

De l\u00e0, selon le Secr\u00e9taire Costa, des plans seront faits pour augmenter les exigences \u00e0 4 et 5 \u00e9toiles. La classification s'\u00e9chelonne de 1 \u00e0 5 \u00e9toiles, selon les conditions de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 routi\u00e8re conform\u00e9ment aux normes reconnues par les Nations Unies (ONU). \u201c Nous avons apport\u00e9 le concept au Br\u00e9sil et l'avons assum\u00e9 comme une politique publique \u201d, d\u00e9clare le secr\u00e9taire.<\/p>\n

\u201c L'erreur humaine est in\u00e9vitable et les autoroutes doivent pardonner ces erreurs, en \u00e9tant \u00e9quip\u00e9es de dispositifs audio, de signalisation et d'infrastructure qui r\u00e9duisent les risques et la gravit\u00e9 des accidents \u201d, souligne-t-il.<\/p>\n

Tout travail suit le m\u00e9thodologie iRAP<\/a>, d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 internationalement pour inspecter les routes \u00e0 haut risque et r\u00e9duire les accidents. Dans le cas des autoroutes du Paran\u00e1, les premiers besoins ont d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e9t\u00e9 identifi\u00e9s et le seront dans les contrats. Mais, en outre, les concessionnaires s'engageront, d\u00e8s la premi\u00e8re ann\u00e9e de concession, \u00e0 r\u00e9aliser un diagnostic plus approfondi pointant d'autres demandes.<\/p>\n

\u201c Ce sera un progr\u00e8s \u201d, d\u00e9clare Jo\u00e3o Arthur Mohr, g\u00e9rant des Affaires Strat\u00e9giques de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration des Industries du Paran\u00e1 (Fiep). \u201c Les concessionnaires seront oblig\u00e9s d'investir dans la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 dans le cadre de ce concept de \u2018 routes tol\u00e9rantes \u2019. Avant, il n'y avait pas d'obligation \u201d, observe-t-il.<\/p>\n

Outre les autoroutes conc\u00e9d\u00e9es, l'Union investira dans les autoroutes f\u00e9d\u00e9rales non \u00e0 p\u00e9age, et l'on s'attend \u00e0 ce que les \u00c9tats fassent de m\u00eame. Dans l'\u00c9tat du Paran\u00e1, le mois dernier, le DER a publi\u00e9 l'avis public relatif au Programme de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 routi\u00e8re pour les routes nationales (Proseg Paran\u00e1), qui pr\u00e9voit un investissement de $ 70 millions de r\u00e9aux ($13,3 millions de dollars) pour renforcer la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 sur 10 000 kilom\u00e8tres.<\/p>\n

Selon Hugo Alexander Martins Pereira, sp\u00e9cialiste en gestion et planification du trafic et professeur \u00e0 l'Universidade Positivo, le concept de \u201c routes tol\u00e9rantes \u201d doit \u00eatre combin\u00e9 aux conditions routi\u00e8res et \u00e0 une campagne d'\u00e9ducation. \u201c Les bonnes pratiques et cette m\u00e9thodologie ont montr\u00e9 de bons r\u00e9sultats dans plusieurs pays \u201d, dit-il.<\/p>\n

Un autre expert en la mati\u00e8re, Jorge Tiago Bastos, professeur docteur en g\u00e9nie des transports \u00e0 la UFPR, qualifie de tr\u00e8s importants l'entretien des routes, les accotements pav\u00e9s et les bords des routes exempts de tout obstacle, tels que arbres, poteaux, murs et talus.<\/p>\n

\u201c C'est plus qu'une zone d'\u00e9chappement, c'est un moyen pour le pilote d'avoir assez d'espace pour reprendre le contr\u00f4le du v\u00e9hicule en toute s\u00e9curit\u00e9 \u201d, dit-il. Selon lui, cette solution est pr\u00e9vue, mais elle ne sera pas toujours possible et, dans ce cas, les zones d'\u00e9chappement et les glissi\u00e8res de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 sont \u00e9galement importantes.<\/p>\n

Bastos affirme que les conditions routi\u00e8res dans l'\u00c9tat et dans le pays sont tr\u00e8s diff\u00e9rentes. \u201c Il y a des tron\u00e7ons tr\u00e8s s\u00fbrs et d'autres, non \u201d, observe-t-il. Bastos reconna\u00eet que \u201c beaucoup de progr\u00e8s ont \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9alis\u00e9s ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, mais il reste encore beaucoup \u00e0 faire \u201d.\u201d<\/p>\n

Le nombre d'accidents sur les autoroutes f\u00e9d\u00e9rales du Paran\u00e1, en 2020, selon la Police des routes f\u00e9d\u00e9rales, a \u00e9t\u00e9 de 7 100, avec 7 400 bless\u00e9s et 526 morts. Ils sont beaucoup plus faibles qu'il y a dix ans. En 2011, il y avait 22 200 accidents, avec 12 400 bless\u00e9s et 740 morts.<\/p>\n

Des organisations ont d\u00e9j\u00e0 commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 mettre en \u0153uvre des interventions<\/strong><\/p>\n

Les actuels contrats de concession du Circuit d'Int\u00e9gration du Paran\u00e1, qui comprend 2\u00a0500\u00a0kilom\u00e8tres, datent de 1997 et expirent en novembre de cette ann\u00e9e-l\u00e0. Lors de leur signature, il n'\u00e9tait pas encore question de \u201c\u00a0routes \u00e0 p\u00e9age\u00a0\u201d, mais des investissements ont \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9alis\u00e9s tout au long de la p\u00e9riode de concession, en visant la s\u00e9curit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

\u201c Plusieurs actions qui n\u2019\u00e9taient pas pr\u00e9vues dans le contrat ont \u00e9t\u00e9 men\u00e9es, comme la vid\u00e9osurveillance, par exemple \u201d, explique Tha\u00eds Caroline Borges, PDG de CCR RodoNorte. \u201c Le contrat nous donne une orientation, mais nous ne pouvons pas continuer \u00e0 fonctionner comme au d\u00e9but \u201d, souligne-t-elle. Elle pr\u00e9cise que sur les tron\u00e7ons relevant de la responsabilit\u00e9 de RodoNorte (de Curitiba \u00e0 Apucarana et de Ponta Grossa \u00e0 Jaguaria\u00edva), le nombre d\u2019accidents a diminu\u00e9 de 73% et le nombre de d\u00e9c\u00e8s de 82% entre le d\u00e9but de la concession et la fin de l\u2019ann\u00e9e 2020.<\/p>\n

Selon Ecovia, la r\u00e9duction du nombre d'accidents sur les tron\u00e7ons qu'elle exploite s'\u00e9l\u00e8ve \u00e0 55,8% depuis le d\u00e9but de la concession. Entre 1998 et 2020, plus de $ 940 millions de r\u00e9aux ($178 millions de dollars am\u00e9ricains) (valeurs de 2020) ont \u00e9t\u00e9 investis dans l\u2019am\u00e9lioration et l\u2019entretien, notamment dans des dispositifs de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et la signalisation horizontale et verticale. Une aire de repos pour les poids lourds a \u00e9galement \u00e9t\u00e9 am\u00e9nag\u00e9e au km 37 de la BR-277, qui relie Curitiba \u00e0 la c\u00f4te.<\/p>\n

Arteris, qui g\u00e8re trois concessions autorouti\u00e8res f\u00e9d\u00e9rales dont certains tron\u00e7ons sont en service dans l'\u00c9tat du Paran\u00e1 (R\u00e9gis Bittencourt, Planalto Sul et Litoral Sul), indique qu'entre 2010 et 2020, le nombre de d\u00e9c\u00e8s a diminu\u00e9 de 42,3% (Litoral Sul), 56% (R\u00e9gis Bittencourt) et 66% (Planalto Sul).<\/p>\n

Des \u00e9quipements de protection et de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 tels que des glissi\u00e8res en b\u00e9ton, des absorbeurs de choc et deux zones de d\u00e9gagement ont \u00e9t\u00e9 install\u00e9s, tous deux sur la BR-376, qui relie Curitiba \u00e0 la c\u00f4te de Santa Catarina.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Note de iRAP : iRAP f\u00e9licite les autorit\u00e9s du Paran\u00e1 pour cette initiative politique qui permet de sauver des vies. Le Paran\u00e1 est un \u00c9tat important du Br\u00e9sil, dont la superficie correspond g\u00e9ographiquement \u00e0 environ la moiti\u00e9 de celle du Paraguay et qui b\u00e9n\u00e9ficie d\u2019importants investissements dans les infrastructures routi\u00e8res. Il compte plus de 2 500 km de concessions dont les contrats ont d\u00e9but\u00e9 en 1997 et prennent fin en novembre de cette ann\u00e9e.<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Photo caption: BR-277 escape area, towards Curitiba-Litoral. (Guilherme Pupo\/Ecovia). Reproduced with an English translation from Gazeta Do Povo. Story by Elvira Fantin. A new concept is being applied in Brazil and Paran\u00e1 to improve road safety and reduce accidents and deaths: \u201cforgiving highways\u201d. The proposal is to minimize the impact of human error with the […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":2756,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28],"tags":[41,42,58,313,100],"class_list":["post-2759","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-global-news","tag-brazil","tag-brazilrap","tag-concession","tag-parana","tag-policy"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nParana's State Highways in Brazil to be 3-star or better - iRAP<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/irap.org\/fr\/paranas-state-highways-in-brazil-to-be-3-star-or-better\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Parana's State Highways in Brazil to be 3-star or better\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Photo caption: BR-277 escape area, towards Curitiba-Litoral. 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